X-ray apparatus.



No. 847,728. ,PATENTED MAR. 19, 1907.

E. w. CALDWELL. X-RAY APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

LEA

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS PATENTBD MAR. 19, 1907. E. W. CALDWELL.

X-RAY APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED APB. .11,1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

justed at the proper height by a" sprocket-V UNITED STATES PATENT oFIoE,

I [EUGENE W. CALDWELL, O NEW; YORK, N.

xn AY APPARATUS.

1 drawings, which form apartof the same.

This invention relates to X-ray apparatus,

and relates especially to apparatus for adjustably supporting an X-raytube and a photographic plate in proper relation thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, showing an illustrative embodiment'oi thisinvention,

Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a par-- tial lan view. Fig. 3 isa sectional detail on the inc 3 3 of Fig. 2. ,Figs. A and 5 are othersectional details of the same. Fig, 6 is a detail shown in verticalsection. lligs. 7 and 8 show details of the tube-alining devices.

In the illustrative embodiment of this invention shown in the drawings asuitable heavy post 1 is indicated, which may be mounted on any suitablebase 48,-p'rovided with the brace '47, if desired, so that the whole isbodily movable and may be adjusted upon the floor supportingit. The block 21 is preferably slidingly mounted in suitable dovetail groovesin thepostand may bead chain- 4,. connected to the block, passing over asuitable sprocket 3, mountedin the post and provided'with anoperatingheel- 2, a counterpoise being"also preferablylarranged .in acavity in the post and connected to the other end of the sprocket-chain4;

- 26 is securedto the block 21', and when moved into the ositionindicatedin Fig.6 its eccentric .worlE The cam ing face is'forced intoengagement withjthe; 0st, locking the blo'ck in'adjusted positiontereon.

The slide 27 is revolublyj mounted on the block 21 b 46 is rigidlysecured to this slide; A cooperating worm 31, mounted on the block,engages this worm-wheel, 'asindicated, and

. serves to angularly-adjust the position of the other scale 76 on theblock.

detachably secured to the slide by a bolt 20, passing through suitableslots in both the slide and connected parts about this bolt, 28 when theoperatingdever 29 .30 is rotated.

The relative position of these parts ma be indicated by agsuitablepointer on the s ide;

which cooperates with agraduated are, or The head-89 is Specificationof-Letters Patent, Application tiled April 11,1906. Serial in. 311,017.

the bolt 28;, and the worm-wheel I Patented March 19, 1907.

. head and slide; The traverse-screw 25 is rotatably mounted in the headand passes through a collar 90 upon the bolt 2(), so that whenthis'screw is turned by a suitable handle, such as 19, (shown in dotted.lines in Fig.

1,) these parts traverse the head with respect to the block with aIOWQI'flll screw action.

A similar screw-feed at right angles to: this movement is effected bythe screw 74, which also engages a similar collar around the bolt 20,soas to move this bolt along the slot parallel to the screw 7 4, inwhich the bolt 20 op- 13,-" supported thereby, in any direction in sace, and also these parts may be rotated a out the adjustably-mountedbolt 28 by the worm-wheel adjustment described.

The carrier 13, asindicated in Figs. land 6, is mounted upon the head 89by the bolt 24, and the; lock 18, having a threaded nut or other similarconnection with the bolt, serves to securely fasten these parts inposition or instantly release them when moved into the positionindicated in Fig. 6. In

These screw adjustments between that position the carrier 'mayrotateabout I thebolt 2 4 with respectto the head, and this movement may beindicated by the scale or graduated arm 23 on the head and thecooperating pointer 22. Upon the carrier is mounted t the support'35, anthese parts may be slidarm 32, provided with ingly mounted on thecarrier and rigidly clamped thereto at an tiniefby the bolt 33, oerating'in a suitab e slotinthe' carrier. '1 he position of these partsmay. be indicated by a cooperating seae andindex 3. 1 k upon them. Atthev other end of the] carrier is mounted thefslid'e' -15,.'-and"up0.nthe-outer face of the slide is-the head 9;, all these parts beingpreferably seeuredtogether ..by the bolt 14 assing through thei'niand-Ythrough a suitab e slot in the-carrie ,Theslide may be prevented,from moving, g the by thescrewl fi and thiljqtation of v v withrespe'ot.to the slide-can bdpr'veiited at any ltimeby. tightening the; screw 12,

which operates n asui'table circumferential slot in the head.This-angular movement of the head 9 with respect to the slide is 1indicated by a suitable cooperating scale and index 11 on the parts, andthe position of the slide upon the carrier is similarly indicated by ascale and index 17, as shown in l ig. 1. The head 9 carries theplate-holder or support 5, which is connected thereto by the bolt 9passing through a sui it able slotin this holder so as to allow for alimited sliding movementof these parts, which ma "be suitably indicated.I The holder, which is preferably interchangeable, is formed with clips7, which serve to support a marker or plate comprising suitable lines orindications and serve as guides -when imprinted on the negative. Suitabe clips 91 may also be formed on the upper-side of the holder to inainiaim in pro er position the photographic plate, which, to-

gether with its envelop or holder, may be fitted into the depression-92.

The support 35, upon which the X-ray tube is preferably movably lnoumed,may

' be formed, as indicated in "rig. 2, with a suitable aperture 93, oneither side of which suitable tracks 44 may be formed. The carriage 58is mounted in this aperture and may have the guides or rolls 77 engagingthe tracks on either side, so as to smoothly guide it as it moves alongthese tracks, which are. preferably arranged substantially concentricwith respect to tlie photographic plate when in normal positon, asisindicated in Fig. 1. The rack 61 is'mcumed on the pin 62 of thiscarriage and is engaged by the geared drum 50, which alsoengages thegear 52. This gear, as is indicated in Fig. 2, operates the fly 53,. ofordinary construction. when the 'pivoted spring-pressed catch iswithdrawn from its path. This catch, as indicated, is controlled by thecord 49, passing over the guide-pulley 54 and adapted to swing the-catchagainst the action of its spring, so that the fly is released and thegearing operates under the influence of the spring 51, thus graduallyfeeding the rack and connected carriage along the tracks. The extent ofthe movement of the carriage is limited by a suitable stop 63, which mayengage in one of a series of holes 64, and this stop projects into thepath of the rack 61 or other member attached to the carriage, so as topositively limitits movement and bring fit accurately int-o alinement. Asuitable hood 37, preferably formed of material im pervious to theXi-rays and of prop er shape to accommodate an X-ray tube, is indicatedas provided with upwardly-yrpjecting lips 59, which may be rigidly butdetachabh; i secured tothe carriage by the nuts '57, so

that different hoods may be readily used and quickly attached to thecarriage and operating mechanism, which is arranged and ad- I justed togive the desired angular movement I oftheX-ray tube for properstereoscopic effects.

ray tube.

Upon the hood suitable brackets 36 are formed provided with clamps ofany desired construction, preferably adapted to properly secure andsimultaneously alien the X-ray tube with respect to the carriage. Asindicated in Fig. 4, the block 40 may be secured to the bracket 36, andthe alining-plate 66, preferably of transparent material, such ascelluloid or the like, may be secured to the block in any manner. Thislate, as is indicated in Fig. 7, is formed wit 1 alining means ormarkings to cooperate with the aliner 83, which may be provided withcorresponding markings and secured to the end 82 of the X- As indicated,the plate is formed with a series of holes 79 80, which may be joined bycross-lines or other devices to be more readily alined with the markingson the tube-aliner. The aliner may consist of a strip or band of paperor other similar material properly fastened upon the X-ray tube, andafter the tube has once been properly adjusted in the clamps so as tobring the radiating spot of its target 81 into exactly the I desiredposition with respect to the carriage and the rest of the apparatusmarks are made on the aliner byins'erting a pencil or other markingdevice through the holes 79 80 in. the alining-pl ate, and thereaftercross-lines or other indications are made upon thealiner, so thatsubsequently the tube niay be readily readjusted to exactly the sameposition with respect to the alining-plate through which the indicationson the aliner 83, secured to the tube end 82, may be readily observed.Any desired form of clamp may be used in connection with these aliningdevices, and a simple construction is indicated in Fig. 4, the clamp-jaw41 being provided witha suitably inclined recess and held in position bythe clamping-bolt 39. Upon the other bracket 36 the loosely-pivoted stud69 is indicated in Fig. 5 Carrying at its outer end the clampscrew42,11aving-a suitable collaror other arrangement to rotatably connect itwith the stud and prevent longitudinal movement with respect thereto andbeing provided with the oppositely-threaded portions 71 72 on each sideoi the stud. The screw 72 engages the headed nut 68, mounted so'asto-have a slight pivotal movement in the j aw 6'5, and, if desired, thesimilar headed nut 7 0, with which the screw 71 coi'ipcrates, may besimilarly mounted, so as to have a slight freedom of -movement in thejaw 43, the holes through which the strews pass being slightly enlargedtor this purpose. The jaws may of course in all cases be provided withany dc sired form of yielding grips 67, of rubber, felt, or othermaterial. This clamp has a sellcentering action, because of thesimultaneous inward movement of both parts of the clamp,

so as to properly center this end of the k-r'ay l tube regardless ofslight difl'erences in diameter. The swiveling jaws also contribute tophotographic exposures.

firmly engage and hold the X-ray tube and.-

tion in the carriage 58 by a suitable latch in the form of a lightspring, which, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, is arranged at the side ofthe carriage and engages the diaphragm 56, of lead or other imperviousmaterial. In

this way, in connection with the impervious hood 37, all the X-rays fromthe tube are cut oil exce t those'within the cone of radiation 8 8, (inicated in Fig. 1,) which by selecting the proper diaphragm can bearranged to just cover properly the photographic plate employed. Also byhaving a pinhole diaphragm or one provided with cross-wires or otherindications the-centering of the tube-targets can be efiectedphotographically, if desired.

In using this apparatus for X-ray exposures it is usually desirable toadjust the tubesupport 35 and plate-holder 5 to a standard relativeposition as far as the conformation. of the subject will allow,although, of course,- it is desirable to-bring these parts as closetogether as possible, in many cases. When in this relative ppsition,these parts,- firmly secured to the carrier -]3, may be moved togetherin-any direction Whatever by this apparatus, as well as instantlyrotatedabout th 0 bolt 24 after releasing the lock 18. Also in taking astereoscopic exposurethe first eX- posurc is taken with thecarriage atone end.

' of its travel, and then-the carriage and attached parts, including thetube, areautomatically and rapidly moved in the proper direction and tothe desired extent by, the es. capement described as soon as the catchis I released. Furthermore, this is effected in a positive manner andwithout either loss of time or jarring of the parts, which is very de-'sirable in such cases- It is also desirable in many instances in usingsuch apparatus to be able to accurately reproduce the variousadjustments 'atany time, and this can be read- 11y done by reading theindications of the various scales after the apparatus has been u(ljustedfor any particular purpose.

This inventionhaving been described in connection with an illustrativeembodiment thereof, to the details of which it is not limited, what isclaimed as new, and what it is desired to secure by Letters Patent, isset forth in the appended claims: I

1. In X-ray apparatus, a movable post and base, a blockslidingly mountedin said post, a counterweight operating Within said post, asprocket-wheel, a sprocket-chain connecting said block and counterweightand operated by's'aid wheel, a head revolubly connected with said block,a worm-wheel adjustment between said head and block, a carrier revolublymounted on said head, means to lock said. carrier in adjusted position,a holder mounted on said carrier, an arm and s'upport mounted on saidcarrier and adjustable with respect to said holder, curved tracks insaid sup ort substantially concentric with said hol er, a carriagemounted on said tracks and operating in an aperture in said support, aremovable impervious diaphragm in said carriage and an impervious hoodto receive an X-ray tube secured to said carriage.

2. r In X rayapparatus, a carrier, a plateholder mounted on saidcarrier, a support mounted on said carrier and adjustable with respectto said holder, adjustable-means to support-said carrier, tracks in saidsupport, a carriage mounted on said tracks to operate in an aperture insaid support, a spring-operated escapement to move said carriage alongsaid tracks, means to limit the movement of said carriage and means tosupport an X-ray tube from saidcarriage.

3. In X-ray apparatus, a carrier, a holder mounted on said carrier, asupport mounted on. said carrier, and adjustable with respect to saidholder, a carriage movably mounted on said support, means on saidsupport to automatically move said carriage with respect thereto andmeans to mount an X-ray tube on said carriage.

' 4. In 'Xray apparatus, a support having' an aperture, a carriagemovabl mounted on said -support to operate in sai aperture, an

escapement to move said --carriage with res set to said support andmeans to mount an -ray tube on sald carnage. Y 5. In X-ray apparatus, asupport providedwith an'ap'erture, a carriage movably mounted on saidsupport to operate withinsaid aperture, a spring escapement to move saidcarriage with respect to said support, and a hood detachably connectedto said carriage to supportv an X-ray tube. I

6. In X-ray apparatus, a carrier, a holder mounted on said carrier, asupport mounted on said carrier and adjustable with respect to saidholder, {a diaphragm'detachably mounted on said support, means to clampan X-ray support provi ed with markings and a c0op crating aliner onsaid X-ray tube.

7. In X-ray apparatus, a su port, means 5 to clamp an X-ray tube to saisupport, an i alininglate on said sup ort having mark ings an an alineron said tube to cooperate with said alining-plate and to markingstherefrom.

I l 8. In X-ray' apparatus. a support, means receive alining tube tosaid, su port, an alining-p'late on said a co clamp an X-ray tube tosaid support, a

' transparent alining-plate provided with apertures and markings and analiner on said tube to receive alining-markings from said holes.

9. "In X-ray apparatus, a carrier, a holder mounted on said carrier, asupport mounted on said carrier, means to mount an X-ray tube on saidsupport, alining means to aline said'tube with respect to said supportand de tachable-impervious diaphragms mounted on said support in linewith said holder. I o

10. in X-ray apparatus, a movable post and base, a block movably mountedon said post, a carrier revolubly mounted on said block, means tolocksaidcarrier in adjusted position, a holder mounted on said carrier,a

support mounted on said carrier, and adjustable with respect to saidholder, an impervious hood mounted on said support, means to clamp anX-ray tube to said hood, alinin means to aline said tube with respect tosai hood and removable impervious diaphragms I a double-threaded screwto simultaneously 0 move said jaws together and an aliner on said tubeto cooperate with said alining-plate.

, EUGENE W. CALDWELL.

- Witnesses:

HARRY L. DUNoAN, JESSIE B. KAY.

